Surah Hud in English Translation with Explain
Surah Hud (سورة هود) is the 11th chapter of the Qur'an, consisting of 123 verses. It is a Makkan Surah, meaning it was revealed in Makkah before the migration of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to Madinah. The Surah is named after Prophet Hud (PBUH), who is mentioned in the Surah as one of the messengers sent by Allah to the people of ʿĀd. Surah Hud highlights several themes, including the stories of past nations, the importance of obedience to Allah, and the consequences of disbelief and disobedience.
The Surah emphasizes that the punishment of Allah is inevitable for those who reject His message and live in corruption. It also stresses the importance of patience and steadfastness in the face of challenges.
Translation and Explanation of Surah Hud
1. Introduction: The Qur'an is a Divine Revelation (11:1)
الٓر ۚ كِتَٰبٌۭ أُحْكِمَتْ ءَايَٰتُهُۥ ثُمَّ فُصِّلَتْ مِن لَّدُنْ حَكِيمٍ عَلِيمٍ
"Alif, Lam, Ra. This is a Book whose verses are perfected and then elaborated from One who is Wise and All-Aware." (11:1)
- This opening verse introduces the divine origin of the Qur'an. It states that the verses of the Qur'an are perfectly arranged and explained in a way that brings wisdom. The Qur'an is revealed by Allah, the All-Wise and All-Knowing.
2. Call to Worship and Obey Allah Alone (11:2-3)
أَنْ لَا تَعبُدُوا۟ إِلَّا ٱللَّهَ ۚ إِنَّنِىٓ لَكُم مِّنْهُ نَذِيرٌۭ وَبَشِيرٌۭ
"That you worship none but Allah. Indeed, I am to you from Him a warner and a bringer of good tidings." (11:2)
- Prophet Hud (PBUH) is reminding his people that the only true worship is of Allah alone. He was sent as both a warner and a bearer of glad tidings. His message was to guide people towards obedience to Allah and righteousness.
وَأَنْ أَمِيرُوا۟ لِرَبِّكُمْ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ۖ وَأَطِيعُونِ
"And that you seek forgiveness of your Lord and repent to Him, and He will provide you a good provision for an appointed term and give every favor to its worthy owner." (11:3)
- Repentance and seeking forgiveness from Allah are key themes. Hud urges his people to turn to Allah in repentance for their sins and warns that Allah will bestow His mercy on them if they do so. Allah’s provision will be abundant, and they will receive rewards in this life and the hereafter.
3. The Story of Prophet Noah and the Flood (11:25-49)
Prophet Nuh (Noah) (PBUH) is mentioned in this Surah as a warned people against their evil ways. Allah commanded Noah to build an ark, and only those who followed him were saved when the flood came.
فَفَارَقَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِهِۦٓۖ وَقَالُوا۟ لَهُۥٓۚ إِنَّكَ لَفِى ضَلَٰلٍ مُّبِينٍ
"And he called to his people: 'O my people, I am to you a clear warner.'" (11:26)
- Prophet Nuh tells his people that he has been sent with a clear message from Allah, but they reject him and accuse him of being misguided. He warns them of punishment for their disobedience.
فَفَجَّرْنَا ٱلْأَرْضَ عُيُونًۭا فَٱلْتَقَى ٱلْمَآءُ عَلَىٰٓ أَمْرٍۢ قَدَرٍۢ
"And We caused the rain to pour from the sky in torrents and caused springs to gush forth from the earth." (11:40)
- When the people rejected Prophet Nuh’s message, Allah sent the flood as a punishment, with water pouring from the heavens and gushing from the earth. Only those who believed in Nuh were saved in the ark.
4. The Story of Prophet Hud and the People of ‘Ād (11:50-60)
وَإِلَىٰ ʿĀدٍۢ أَخَاهُمْ هُودًۭا ۖ قَالَ يٰقَوْمِ ٱعْبُدُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنْ إِلَٰهِ غَيْرُهُۥۖ
"And to ʿĀd, [We sent] their brother Hud. He said, 'O my people, worship Allah; you have no deity other than Him.'" (11:50)
- Prophet Hud (PBUH) was sent to the people of ‘Ād, who were known for their immense strength and great wealth. Despite their material success, they were stubborn in idolatry and corruption. Prophet Hud calls them to worship Allah alone and to leave their false gods.
وَتَقُولُونَ فِىٰٓ أَنفُسِكُمْۚ أَإِنَّا لَمَجْنُونٌۭ
"And you say in yourselves, 'Is this man possessed?'" (11:53)
- The people of ‘Ād reject Hud’s message, calling him a madman and accusing him of being possessed. This highlights their arrogance and refusal to accept the truth.
فَأَمَّا عَادٌۭ فُهْلِكُمْ فِى رِيحٍۢ فِيهَا صَحَابٌۭ شِدَّادٌۭ
"So as for ʿĀd, they were destroyed by a wind in which was a harsh sound." (11:56)
- Because of their arrogance and rejection of the truth, ‘Ād was destroyed by a mighty wind that destroyed everything in its path. This serves as a warning to those who reject Allah's message.
5. The Story of Prophet Salih and the People of Thamud (11:61-68)
وَإِلَىٰ ثَمُودَ أَخَاهُمْ صَالِحًۭا ۖ قَالَ يٰقَوْمِ ٱعْبُدُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنْ إِلَٰهِ غَيْرُهُۥۖ
"And to Thamud, [We sent] their brother Salih. He said, 'O my people, worship Allah; you have no deity other than Him.'" (11:61)
- Prophet Salih (PBUH) was sent to the people of Thamud, who were prosperous but deeply entrenched in idolatry. He called them to worship Allah alone and to leave their corrupt ways.
فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَهْلَكْنَٰهُمْ إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَءَايَٰتٍۢ وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ
"But they denied him, and so We destroyed them. Indeed, in that is a sign, but most of them were not believers." (11:67)
- Despite Salih's efforts, the people of Thamud denied him, and as a result, they were destroyed by a mighty earthquake. Their denial of the truth led to their downfall.
6. The Story of Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) and the Destruction of the People of Lot (11:69-83)
وَٱمْرَأَتُهُۥٓ قَآئِلَةٌۭ ءَٰٓآلَىٰٓتَذُحِكِينَ
"And his wife was standing and she laughed. Then We gave her good tidings of Isaac and after Isaac, Jacob." (11:71)
- Prophet Ibrahim (PBUH) was given the glad tidings of a son, Isaac, and later a grandson, Jacob. The story includes the prophetic mission of Ibrahim and the eventual punishment of the people of Lot, who were involved in immoral practices.
إِنَّا مُهْلِكُوٓ۟آٓ أَهْلَ هَٰٓذِهِۦ ٱلْقَرْيَةِ إِنَّهَآٓ أَهْلَكُمْ مُجْرِمُونَ
"Indeed, We will destroy the people of this town. Indeed, its people have been wrongdoers." (11:82)
- The people of Lot were destroyed by Allah because of their immoral behavior. The Surah emphasizes that when a people’s sin reaches its peak, they face destruction.
7. The Importance of Patience and Trust in Allah (11:109-123)
فَٱصْبِرْ إِنَّ وَعْدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقٌّۭ ۖ وَلَا يَسْتَخِفَّنَّكَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْدِّينِ
"So be patient. Indeed, the promise of Allah is truth. And let not those who do not believe in it discourage you." (11:109)
- The Surah concludes by encouraging the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and the believers to remain patient and steadfast. Despite the opposition, Allah's promise of victory and truth is certain.
Conclusion:
Surah Hud contains numerous stories of past prophets and their communities, highlighting the importance of obedience to Allah, the consequences of disobedience, and the mercy of Allah for those who repent. It urges patience, faith, and trust in Allah, and calls on people to reflect on the signs in history to avoid the mistakes of past generations. The Surah is a call to remain steadfast in righteousness and seek Allah's forgiveness.
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