Surah Al-Ma'idah in English Translation with Explain
Surah Al-Ma'idah (سورة المائدة) is the 5th chapter of the Qur'an, consisting of 120 verses (Ayat). It was revealed in Medina and addresses a variety of topics including dietary laws, legal and social conduct, the history of past communities, and the rules regarding covenants and oaths. The Surah is named after Al-Ma’idah, which means "The Table Spread," referring to the table of food that was sent down to the disciples of Prophet Isa (Jesus) in the story mentioned in the Surah.
Surah Al-Ma’idah emphasizes the importance of fulfilling promises, maintaining justice, and adhering to Allah’s commandments in various aspects of life, especially in areas of law, morality, and interactions with others. It also provides guidance on the rights of others, including fellow believers and non-believers.
Here is a detailed explanation of Surah Al-Ma’idah with relevant Arabic texts for key verses:
1. The Opening Verse: (5:1)
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَوْفُوا بِالْعُقُودِ
"O you who have believed, fulfill [all] contracts." (5:1)
- This verse begins with a command for the believers to honor their contracts and agreements. Islam places great emphasis on fulfilling promises and covenants, as this reflects trustworthiness and integrity.
2. Dietary Laws and Prohibitions: (5:3)
حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَيْتَةُ وَالدَّمُ وَلَحْمُ الْخِنزِيرِ وَمَا أَهِلَّ لِغَيْرِ اللَّٰهِ بِهِ وَالْمُنْخَنِقَةُ وَالْمَوْقُوذَةُ وَالْجَارِيَةُ وَالْمُتَرَدِّيَةُ وَالْجَارِيَةُ وَمَا أَكَلَ السَّبُعُ إِلَّا مَا ذَكَّيْتُمْ وَمَا ذُبِحَ عَلَى النُّصُبِ وَأَنْ تَسْتَقْسِمُوا بِالْأَزْلَامِ "Prohibited to you [for food] are: dead meat, blood, the flesh of swine, and that on which has been invoked the name of other than Allah, that which has been killed by strangling, or by a violent blow, or by a headlong fall, or by being gored to death; that which has been [sacrificed] on the altars [of idols]; [forbidden is] the division of meat by chance arrows; that is impiety..." (5:3)
- This verse outlines the dietary prohibitions for Muslims, including the forbidden foods such as dead animals (meat not slaughtered properly), blood, pork, and any meat sacrificed for other than Allah. It also highlights the various types of dead animals that are considered impure and unlawful.
3. The Story of the Disciples of Isa (A.S.): (5:112-115)
إِذْ قَالَتِ الْحَوَارِيُّونَ يَا عِيسَىٰ ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ هَلْ يَسْتَطِيعُ رَبُّكَ أَنْ يُنَزِّلَ عَلَيْنَا مَائِدَةً مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ
"When the disciples said, 'O Jesus, Son of Mary, can your Lord send down to us a table [spread with food] from the heaven?'" (5:112)
- This refers to the story of the disciples of Isa (A.S.), who asked Isa to pray to Allah to send them a table of food from the heavens. This request was made to confirm their faith, and Allah granted it as a sign of His power.
قَالَ إِنِّيۤ أَخَافُۢ أَنْ تَكْفُرُوا۟ بَعْدِهِۦۗ وَمَنْ يَكْفُرْۦۤ فَإِنِّيۤ أُؤْمِنُ۟ بَٲقِينَ "Isa said, 'Fear Allah, if you are indeed believers.' Then Isa invoked Allah to send down the meal from the heavens." (5:113-115)
- In response to the request, Isa (A.S.) expresses caution about their faith and warns that if they receive such a miraculous gift but still reject faith, they will face consequences.
4. The Importance of Justice in Society (5:8)
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُونُوا قَوَّامِينَ لِلَّهِ شُهَدَاءَ بِالْقِسْطِ وَلا يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْ شَنَآنُ قَوْمٍ عَلَىٰ أَلَّا تَعْدِلُوا ۚ اَعْدِلُوا هُوَ أَقْرَبُ لِلتَّقْوَىٰ "O you who have believed, be persistently standing firm in justice, witnesses for Allah, even if it be against yourselves or parents and relatives. Whether one is rich or poor, Allah is more worthy of both." (5:8)
- This verse emphasizes justice and fairness, even if it involves standing up against oneself, family, or society. Justice is one of the key principles in Islam, and it is crucial for maintaining a balanced and just society.
5. Fulfilling Covenants and Keeping Oaths (5:1)
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَوْفُوا بِالْعُقُودِ
"O you who have believed, fulfill [all] contracts." (5:1)
- The Surah highlights the importance of keeping oaths and fulfilling contracts in all aspects of life, whether they are personal, legal, or political. The fulfillment of covenants is an essential part of Islamic ethics.
6. Prohibition of Alcohol and Gambling (5:90-91)
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَالْمَيْسِرُ وَالْأَنْصَابُ وَالْأَزْلَامُ رِجْسٌۢ مِّنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطَٰنِ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ "O you who have believed, indeed, intoxicants, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone alters [to other than Allah], and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid it that you may be successful." (5:90)
- This verse explicitly prohibits alcohol (wine) and gambling, which were prevalent in pre-Islamic society. These activities are deemed as impurities from Satan's work, and Muslims are instructed to avoid them for the sake of their spiritual and physical well-being.
7. Justice for Non-Muslims and Interfaith Relations (5:2)
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تُحِلُّوا شَعَائِرَ اللَّٰهِ وَالْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ وَالْجَزَاءَ إِذَا أَحْرَمْتُمْ وَفِي فَصْلِهِمْ فِي فِتْنَتِهِمْ وَحَجَّتِهِمْ وَفِي فَصْلِهِمْ وَحَجَّتِهِمْ "O you who have believed, do not violate the rites of Allah or the sanctity of the sacred month or the sacrificial animals or the garlands..." (5:2)
- This verse emphasizes respect for sacred rites and rituals such as pilgrimage, fasting, and prayer, as well as the fair treatment of non-Muslims. While addressing Muslims’ duties, it also underlines that Islam does not promote injustice against anyone.
8. The Rule of Law and the Protection of Rights (5:33-34)
إِنَّمَا جَزَاءُ الَّذِينَ يُحَارِبُونَ اللَّٰهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَيَسْعَوْنَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَسَادًا أَنْ يُقَتَّلُوا أَوْ يُصَلَّبُوا أَوْ تَقْطَعَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَرْجُلُهُمْ مِنْ خِلَافٍ... "Indeed, the penalty for those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger and strive upon earth [to cause] corruption is none but that they be killed or crucified or that their hands and feet be cut off from opposite sides..." (5:33)
- This verse deals with the penalties for serious crimes, such as treason and spreading corruption in society. It outlines strict punishments for those who harm the social and spiritual fabric of the Islamic state.
Conclusion:
Surah Al-Ma’idah addresses a wide range of legal, moral, and social issues with a special focus on justice, lawfulness, and ethics. It contains detailed guidelines on religious obligations, social responsibilities, and personal conduct. It stresses the importance of fulfilling promises, upholding justice, and following the commands of Allah in daily life. It also addresses the legal rights and obligations of Muslims, as well as guidance on interactions with non-Muslims, highlighting respect for the sanctity of human life and the preservation of peace.
This Surah also reminds the believers to avoid anything harmful to the body, soul, or society, such as alcohol, gambling, and oppression. By following these guidelines, Muslims can lead righteous, balanced, and just lives in accordance with Allah’s will.
Comments
Post a Comment