Surah Ash Shams in English Translation with Explain
Surah Ash-Shams (The Sun) is the 91st chapter of the Qur'an, consisting of 15 verses. It was revealed in Makkah and primarily discusses the internal conflict between good and evil within human beings, the importance of purification, and the consequences of failing to purify one's soul. The Surah emphasizes the beauty and significance of Allah's creation and provides guidance on how to achieve spiritual success.
Here is the English translation of Surah Ash-Shams, along with brief explanations for each verse:
1.
I swear by the sun and its brightness
Explanation:
Allah begins the Surah by swearing an oath by the sun, which is one of the most powerful and essential sources of light, warmth, and energy for life on Earth. The sun represents the illuminating force in the universe.
2.
And [by] the moon when it follows it,
Explanation:
Allah swears by the moon, which follows the sun and reflects its light. The moon's role in the natural world is to shine with the light borrowed from the sun, symbolizing the reflection of guidance and knowledge.
3.
And [by] the day when it displays it,
Explanation:
This verse swears by the day, which is illuminated by the sun. The day represents the time when people are active and can manifest their deeds, whether good or bad.
4.
And [by] the night when it covers it,
Explanation:
Allah swears by the night, which covers the day and brings darkness. The night represents the time when people rest, but it also symbolizes ignorance and concealment of deeds.
5.
And [by] the sky and He who constructed it,
Explanation:
This verse swears by the sky, created by Allah with perfect design. The sky is a reminder of the vastness of Allah’s creation and His mastery over the universe.
6.
And [by] the earth and He who spread it,
Explanation:
Allah swears by the earth, which He spread out for human habitation. The earth provides sustenance and a place for life to flourish, serving as a reminder of Allah’s provision.
7.
And [by] the soul and He who proportioned it
Explanation:
This verse swears by the human soul, which Allah has created with a perfect balance. The soul is a unique creation that is designed with the potential for both good and evil, and it is the focus of the moral struggle.
8.
And inspired it [with discernment of] its wickedness and its righteousness,
Explanation:
Allah has inspired the human soul with the knowledge of both good and evil. People are given the ability to discern right from wrong, and they are accountable for the choices they make.
9.
He has succeeded who purifies it,
Explanation:
The one who purifies the soul, by choosing righteousness and seeking to cleanse it from evil, will be successful. This verse highlights the importance of self-purification in achieving spiritual success.
10.
And he has failed who instills it with corruption.
Explanation:
In contrast, the person who corrupts their soul by choosing evil and neglecting the path of righteousness will fail. This is a warning about the consequences of moral corruption.
11.
Thamud denied [their] Prophet by reason of their transgression,
Explanation:
Allah mentions the ancient people of Thamud, who rejected the message of their prophet, Prophet Salih (peace be upon him), due to their sinful ways. Their transgression led to their downfall.
12.
When the most wicked of them was sent forth,
Explanation:
Among the people of Thamud, the most wicked person among them was chosen to challenge the Prophet Salih and his message. His actions set the stage for the destruction of the entire nation.
13.
And the messenger of Allah said to them, "It is the she-camel of Allah, [so] let her drink."
Explanation:
The Prophet Salih (peace be upon him) commanded the people of Thamud to allow the she-camel, a sign of Allah’s power, to drink from the well. The camel was a miraculous sign, and they were commanded to respect it, as it was sent by Allah as a test.
14.
But they denied him and they hamstrung her.
Explanation:
The people of Thamud rejected the warning and, in their arrogance, harmed the she-camel by hamstringing her. This act of defiance and cruelty led to their punishment.
15.
So their Lord brought down upon them a ruinous punishment.
Explanation:
As a result of their defiance and sin, Allah brought a devastating punishment upon the people of Thamud, destroying them. This serves as a warning to those who reject the truth and harm Allah’s signs.
Summary of Surah Ash-Shams:
Surah Ash-Shams uses powerful oaths by various elements of nature, including the sun, moon, day, night, sky, and earth, to remind people of the greatness of Allah's creation. It emphasizes that the human soul has been endowed with the ability to distinguish between good and evil. Success is achieved by purifying the soul and following the righteous path, while failure comes from corrupting the soul with evil actions.
The Surah also recounts the fate of the people of Thamud, who were destroyed for their rebellion and sin. This story serves as a powerful warning about the consequences of arrogance, rejection of the truth, and corruption of the soul.
Ultimately, the Surah emphasizes the importance of spiritual purification, moral accountability, and the consequences of one's choices in life.
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